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macassar oil
Macassar oil is a compounded oil used primarily by men in Victorian and Edwardian times as a hair oil.
Macassar oil is often made with coconut oil or palm oil combined with ylang-ylang oil (obtained by processing the flowers of the ylang-ylang tree, Cananga odorata) and other fragrant oils.
Macassar oil was so named because it was reputed to have been manufactured from ingredients purchased in the port of Makassar in Indonesia.
Due to the tendency for the oil to transfer from a gentleman's hair to the back of the chair he was sitting on, the antimacassar was developed. This is essentially a small crocheted cloth placed over the back of a chair.
ebony macassar
Ebony Macassar
(Diospyros discolor (celebica))
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- Mechanical Values
| Category | Green | Dry | Units |
| Weight | | 68 | lbs/cu.ft. |
| Density (air-dry) | | | |
| Specific Gravity | | 1.0 | |
| Hardness | | | |
| Stiffness | | | |
| Bending Strength | | | |
| Shearing Strength | | | |
| Max. Crushing Strength | | | |
| Work to Maximum Load | | | |
| Radial Shrinkage (G->OD) | | | |
| Tangential Shrink. (G->OD) | | | |
| Volumetric Shrink (G->OD) | | | |
Environmental Profile
The environmental status of Macassar ebony within its natural range is reported to be Rare (Source - World Conservation Monitoring Center - 1992 ).
Distribution
The growth range of the species is reported to include the East Indies, Philippine Islands, and the Celebes Islands of Indonesia. It prefers well-drained, rocky soil, and is sometimes found near water but never in swamps.
Product Sources
Macassar ebony is reported to be rare and is one of the most expensive timbers on the commercial market. Veneer is reported to be more available but is also costly.
Tree Data
The tree is reported to be generally small, and attains an average height of about 50 feet (15 m), with a trunk diameter of about 16 inches (41 cm). Boles are reported to be often straight and clear from branches for 8 to 15 feet (2.4 to 4.6 m).
Sapwood Color
The sapwood is described as uniform light red in color.
Heartwood Color
The heartwood is reported to be black with reddish or reddish brown streaks. The combination of colors is reported to make the wood an attractive choice for face veneers.
Grain
The grain is typically straight to roey.
Texture
Texture is reported to be fine.
Luster
Luster is described as metallic.
Odor
There is no discernible odor or taste.
Ease of Drying
The heartwood is reported to be rather difficult to season, especially thicker stock, and should be seasoned slowly to prevent defects. Trees are sometimes girdled and allowed to dry out for two years before felling. Air-drying for six-months after this procedure is reported to give the best results.
Drying Defects
Long, fine, and deep checks are reported to be some common degrades in drying the heartwood. Rapid drying may also cause the wood to develop end- and surface-checks.
Movement in Service
Macassar ebony is reported to be very stable after seasoning, and shows only small movement in use.
Natural Durability
The heartwood is reported to have high natural resistance to decay, but it is susceptible to attack by forest longhorn beetle. Resistance to termite attack is rated as moderate.
Resistance to Impregnation
The timber is reported to be highly resistant to preservative treatment.
Toxic Constituents
Sawdust from machining operations is reported to cause irritation in some individuals.
Cutting Resistance
Cutting resistance is reported to be high because of its hardness.
Blunting Effect
Blunting effect on cutting edges is rated as rather severe.
Planing
Macassar ebony is reported to work rather slowly because it is hard. Reduced cutting angles are recommended for best results in machining operations. Working properties are rated as generally difficult becuase the wood tends to be brittle.
Turning
The timber is reported to have high turning qualities.
Gluing
Gluing qualities are reported to be satisfactory.
Nailing & Screwing
Nailing and screwing are reported to be difficult without pre-boring.
Polishing
The timber is reported to take an excellent finish.
Response to Hand Tools
The material is reported to be rather hard to work with hand tools.
Strength Properties
It is exceptionally heavy, weighing much more than White oak or Teak.
Comments
Macassar ebony heartwood is reported to be strong, very heavy, and very hard. The black heart is usually brittle, and the wood is used mostly for decorative purposes. The appearance of ebony is sometimes imitated by staining other woods, such as Hornbeam (Ostrya ), a black color.
macassar veneer
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| Macassar Ebony | |  |
|
| Name | Macassar Ebony |
| Latin Name | Diospyros celebica |
| Trade Names: | Macassar, Ebony, Marble Wood |
| Origin: | Celebes Islands (East Indies) |
| Range: | Celebes Islands, possibly also Maluku, Borneo, very rare as veneer wood because it only grows with small dimensions. |
| Uses: | Highest quality architectural woodwork, inlays and musical instruments. |
| Properties: | The wood is black with brown regular or irregular reddish-brown to green-brown streaks. The wood has a distinct sheen and is most decorative. |
| Machining: | Despite its extreme hardness Macassar Ebony is not particularly difficult to work. Very smooth surfaces are given when planed. Sawdust should be efficiently extracted because of the risk of inflammation of the eyes and skin. |
| Seasoning: | Since Macassar Ebony is prone to checking it should be dried very slowly and carefully. It should definitely be kept out of the sun. |
| Finishing: | Due to its decorative marking, silky luster or polished surfaces are to be recommended and these finishes take without any great difficulty. |
| Jointing: | Glue joints are easy to produce and hold well. Nail joints are very difficult to produce and screw joints must be pre-drilled. |
macassar ebony
Uses:
Black Ebony is an exotic species probably most known for its use as fingerboards for various musical instruments, whereas the macassar ebony is the wood of choice for many decorative turners. Its amazing striped pattern of real blacks and dark chocolate browns is an unresistable draw for those in the know.
Other Names: calamander wood, variegated ebony
The Tree:
Ebony is the Greek word for "fruit of the gods" and if you read the history books they suggest that drinking goblets were made from this wood, as they believed it was an antidote for poison, and its use would ward off their enemy's evil intent.
There are 100's of types of ebony worldwide, but most are only shrubs, and only one found in N. America .. the persimmon tree, known best as a wood for the manufacture of golf clubs.
The trees today are few and far between, and of a much smaller size then 20 year ago, ... found on the Asian, Indian and African continent. They can grow to 50' in height & 1 1/2' around, but you're talking about a tree over 100 years old, thus supplies of all sorts of ebony are in relatively limited supply.
Wood Description:
Information on macassar ebony lumber is relatively limited. It is an ebony from India and the East Indies and varies from its closest cousin in the colour banding that makes this wood so dramatic in appearance.
Macassar lumber is less brittle than the gaboon and thus less prone to splitting. The grain can be dramatic and variable from one board to the next.
Weight:approximately 65+ lbs per cubic foot
Finishing:
The wood is very dense thus no fillers are necessary. It finishes to a beautiful sheen, with limited time and effort, although its hardness does dictate sanding through a range of grits.
Machining:
Must have sharp tools, dulling will occur, but cuts easily with a bandsaw. It turns nicely on a lathe although not as great as the gaboon (more grain). Sanding works quite well with power tools, but next to impossible with hand sanding (forget the cheap sandpaper, it won't touch it). Burning can happen if you exert too much pressure on a dull sanding belt, so start with a fresh one.
If you are using it as an inlay with other open pored woods, you do have to be a bit careful. The fine dust can accumulate in the open grain and alter the colour of the contrasting wood... Do use a compressor and blow off the surface well, prior to finishing, then use a tack rag to remove any loose particles.
I hope this information on macassar ebony lumber will encourage you to give it a try as it really is a truly beautiful wood.
my samples --- colors are accurate throughout (with one noted exception)
The first pic is of a piece that is rough sanded and really doesn't do the wood justice. If that piece were fine sanded, even without a finishing agent, it would look very much richer. See the turning at the bottom of this page for a good idea of what the wood can look like finished.
end grain closeup of the piece on the left directly above --- all of the lines you see are sanding marks
two views of a very small solid piece --- the left pic shows raw wood and the right pic shows the other two sides, which I've rough-sanded (sanding marks very evident). The brownish color is correct.
small piece and end grain --- dark color is correct
end grain closeup of the piece directly above
veneer --- there is a huge variation in this wood as to how much light color there is: this piece is pretty much on the extreme side of haveing large amounts of light color. The actual color of the lighter areas is just a bit more light tan (and less golden) than is shown here.
veneer --- this sheet is the opposite of the one above in that it is pretty much on the extreme side of having almost no light areas.
veneer with a more normal mix of light and dark
veneer
veneer with a slight green tint in the pic that is not present in the real wood
NOTE: it was difficult to get the colors to come out accurately on the two really dark veneer sheets, as you can tell by looking at the color of the white ruler paper at the top of each pic. The colors are accurate for those sheets, now that I've played with the settings.
macassar rochas
Macassar (for men)
Designer: Rochas Olfactive Group:
! Pictures
Macassar by Rochas is a fragrance for men. Macassar was launched in 1980. The noses behind this fragrance are Nicolas Mamounas and Roger Pellegrino. Top notes are artemisia, fruity notes, green notes, bergamot and pine tree needles; middle notes are carnation, patchouli, jasmine, vetiver, cedar and geranium; base notes are leather, amber, musk, coconut and oakmoss.
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